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Assessment of Low Temperature Refining Process of Castor Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production

Received: 23 September 2018     Accepted: 2 January 2019     Published: 29 January 2019
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Abstract

In recent years research on biodiesel production from non-edible seed oil is receiving more attention to prevent food vs biofuels problems such as starvation in developing countries. Castor seed oil is potential non-edible biodiesel feedstock, but it has high viscosity and high acid value which are among the undesired factors in biodiesel production. The castor seed oil was extracted using soxhlet extraction method, refined using standard analytical methods and its physicochemical properties was determined using ASTM methods. The crude extracts of castor seeds oil which was characterized as high viscous oil, was refined to improve its quality, and physicochemical properties of refined and crude extracts castor seed oil was studies. The crude extracts oil (41.29±1.54%) produce was refined to reduce its high viscosity (233.0±2.00 mm2/s) and acid value (4.488±0.40 mgKOH/g). The viscosity and acid value of the oil significant reduced to 159.0±3.00 mm2/s and 2.805±0.20 mgKOH/g after the refining process. The others physicochemical properties such as flash point, saponification value, iodine value, moisture contents, specific gravity, refractive index, kinematic viscosity, cloud point, pour point and free fatty acids qualities were improved after refining. The study show that refined castor seed oil were more suitable in biodiesel production than crude castor seed oil.

Published in American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11
Page(s) 1-6
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Castor Seed Oil, Soxhlet Extraction, Refining, Physicochemical Properties

References
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Chika Muhammad, Muhammad Mukhtar, Muhammad Sabiu Jibrin, Musa Usman Dabai, Aliyu Sarkin Baki. (2019). Assessment of Low Temperature Refining Process of Castor Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production. American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, 3(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11

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    ACS Style

    Chika Muhammad; Muhammad Mukhtar; Muhammad Sabiu Jibrin; Musa Usman Dabai; Aliyu Sarkin Baki. Assessment of Low Temperature Refining Process of Castor Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production. Am. J. Chem. Biochem. Eng. 2019, 3(1), 1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11

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    AMA Style

    Chika Muhammad, Muhammad Mukhtar, Muhammad Sabiu Jibrin, Musa Usman Dabai, Aliyu Sarkin Baki. Assessment of Low Temperature Refining Process of Castor Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production. Am J Chem Biochem Eng. 2019;3(1):1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11,
      author = {Chika Muhammad and Muhammad Mukhtar and Muhammad Sabiu Jibrin and Musa Usman Dabai and Aliyu Sarkin Baki},
      title = {Assessment of Low Temperature Refining Process of Castor Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production},
      journal = {American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering},
      volume = {3},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-6},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcbe.20190301.11},
      abstract = {In recent years research on biodiesel production from non-edible seed oil is receiving more attention to prevent food vs biofuels problems such as starvation in developing countries. Castor seed oil is potential non-edible biodiesel feedstock, but it has high viscosity and high acid value which are among the undesired factors in biodiesel production. The castor seed oil was extracted using soxhlet extraction method, refined using standard analytical methods and its physicochemical properties was determined using ASTM methods. The crude extracts of castor seeds oil which was characterized as high viscous oil, was refined to improve its quality, and physicochemical properties of refined and crude extracts castor seed oil was studies. The crude extracts oil (41.29±1.54%) produce was refined to reduce its high viscosity (233.0±2.00 mm2/s) and acid value (4.488±0.40 mgKOH/g). The viscosity and acid value of the oil significant reduced to 159.0±3.00 mm2/s and 2.805±0.20 mgKOH/g after the refining process. The others physicochemical properties such as flash point, saponification value, iodine value, moisture contents, specific gravity, refractive index, kinematic viscosity, cloud point, pour point and free fatty acids qualities were improved after refining. The study show that refined castor seed oil were more suitable in biodiesel production than crude castor seed oil.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Assessment of Low Temperature Refining Process of Castor Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production
    AU  - Chika Muhammad
    AU  - Muhammad Mukhtar
    AU  - Muhammad Sabiu Jibrin
    AU  - Musa Usman Dabai
    AU  - Aliyu Sarkin Baki
    Y1  - 2019/01/29
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11
    T2  - American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
    JF  - American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
    JO  - American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
    SP  - 1
    EP  - 6
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2639-9989
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11
    AB  - In recent years research on biodiesel production from non-edible seed oil is receiving more attention to prevent food vs biofuels problems such as starvation in developing countries. Castor seed oil is potential non-edible biodiesel feedstock, but it has high viscosity and high acid value which are among the undesired factors in biodiesel production. The castor seed oil was extracted using soxhlet extraction method, refined using standard analytical methods and its physicochemical properties was determined using ASTM methods. The crude extracts of castor seeds oil which was characterized as high viscous oil, was refined to improve its quality, and physicochemical properties of refined and crude extracts castor seed oil was studies. The crude extracts oil (41.29±1.54%) produce was refined to reduce its high viscosity (233.0±2.00 mm2/s) and acid value (4.488±0.40 mgKOH/g). The viscosity and acid value of the oil significant reduced to 159.0±3.00 mm2/s and 2.805±0.20 mgKOH/g after the refining process. The others physicochemical properties such as flash point, saponification value, iodine value, moisture contents, specific gravity, refractive index, kinematic viscosity, cloud point, pour point and free fatty acids qualities were improved after refining. The study show that refined castor seed oil were more suitable in biodiesel production than crude castor seed oil.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria

  • Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria

  • Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria

  • Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria

  • Department of Microbiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria

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